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Relationship Between Drinking Patterns of College Students and Their Residence

T. Fukuda, T. Kocha, E. Otsuka

Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-chome Higashitamagawagakuen Machida-shi Tokyo 194 Japan

ABSTRACT

In order to clear the factors affect on the drinking patterns of college students and to take measures for health of the students, we investigated now above mentioned theme after relating studies already performed. Significant differences of drinking patterns between the one's home students and the boarders were found in 7 items in male and 3 items in female. But we describe now only main items due to the limitation of space. Male 1. Drinking frequency of the one's home students was large than that of the boarders and this phenomenon suggested the one's home students drink often with their family. 2. The drinking volume of the boarders was large in a banquet but that of the one's home students was large in an evening drinking. This suggested the boarders drink often and much in a social gathering but the one's home students drink often with their family. 3. The boarders drink insatiably 2 times more than the one's home students do. This suggested the boarders get rid of their family's restraint. Female 1. The first drinking age of the students in the metropolitan districts was younger than that of the local students. Successively we investigated the relationship between drinking patterns and the residence in the case of putting together male and female. We will also report these results.

INTRODUCTION

We have already presented "Alcohol Drinking Patterns Among College Students and the Analysis by Club Activity" at T89 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A., "Studies on Problem Drinking and Property of Heavy Drinking" at T92 Cologne, Germany and "Relationship Between the Drinking Patterns and the Health Condition Score or Self Appraisal for One's Own Health Condition Of A College Students" at 7TH ISBRA Gold Coast Australia (1994). Now as a link in the chain of the investigation of factors affected on the drinking patterns and measures to drinking of college students we investigated a above mentioned heading theme.

METHODS

Object : Junior students of our college, male 88, female 157. Questionnaires consisted of 32 items were delivered in class and filled up with student registration number. Survey time : January 1988.

RESULTS

Table 1
Distribution of Students in Residence Type

Residence type one's own house lodging house the others total
Numbers of students [male] 38(43.18) 47(53.4) 3(3.4) 88
[female] 82(52.2) 72(45.9) 3(1.9) 157
Values in parentheses are percentages

Table 2
Simple Tabulation (significant difference recognized items only were described here)

Male (88 students)
Items one's own house(%) lodgers(%)
Q.4 How often do you drink?
a. drink more than 4 times a week 7.9 4.3
b. drink 2-3 times a week 21.1 10.6
c. drink once a week 31.6 10.6*
d. drink 1-2 times a month 26.3 40.4
e. do not drink even once a month 13.2 34.0*
Q.4' How often do you drink?
a. over once a week 60.6 25.5**
b. under once a month 39.5 74.4**
Q.5 How much do you drink a alcoholic beverage (as Sake) at a time?
A. at a social gathering
a. less than 180 ml 17.0 13.2
b. 180-359 ml 17.0 10.5
c. 360-539 ml 12.8 31.6*
d. 540-729 ml 25.5 13.2
e. 730-900 ml 6.4 13.2
f. more than 900 ml 21.3 18.4
B. at an evening drink
a. less than 180 ml 47.4 63.8
b. 180-359 ml 44.7 23.4*
c. 360-539 ml 5.3 4.3
d. 540-729 ml 0.0 2.1
e. 730-900 ml 0.0 0.0
f. more than 900 ml 2.6 4.3
C. the others
a. less than 180 ml 28.9 53.2*
b. 180-359 ml 39.5 19.1*
c. 360-539 ml 13.2 8.5
d. 540-729 ml 7.9 4.3
e. 730-900 ml 2.6 2.1
f. more than 900 ml 7.9 8.5
Q.6 How do you feel on the occasion of being offered a alcoholic beverage by others?
a. delighted if anything 55.3 29.8*
b. unpleasant if anything 42.1 68.1*
Q.7 Do you press to drink against other's will?
a. often press to drink 0.0 8.5
b. occasionally do so 81.6 59.6*
c. do not press to drink 18.4 34.0
Q.10 Do you often drink insatiably?
a. generally do so 15.8 6.4
b. occasionally do so 57.9 44.7
c. do not do so 26.3 48.9*
Q 24. What does your family think of your drinking?
a. amicable 21.1 25.5
b. unconcern 63.2 74.5
c. not amicable 15.8 0.0*
Q.31 What do you think of drinking at one gulp?
a. had better to stop because of being bad for health 21.1 29.8
b. unavoidable for social activity 52.6 46.8
c. the others 5.3 23.4*
 
Female (157 students)
Items one's own house(%) lodgers(%)
Q.12 About the repast after drinking
a. eat more than ordinarily 29.3 55.6*
b. eat similarly as usual 48.3 33.3
c. do not eat more than ordinarily 22.0 11.1
Q.19 A motive of drinking
A. a person who invite drinking
a. family 12.2 29.2*
b. teacher or senior 35.4 31.9
c. friend 39.0 26.4
d. oneself 11.0 11.1
e. the others 2.4 1.4
Q.25 Age of first drinking
13 years old 0.0 1.4
14 4.9 1.4
15 13.4 5.6
16 3.7 25.0**
17 13.4 12.5
18 50.0 45.8
19 6.1 5.6
20 4.9 2.8
** p < 0.01 * p < 0.05

Table 3
Items Recognized Significant Difference between One's House Students and Lodgers by Unifying Male and Female

Items one's own house lodgers found before or newly
Q.4 c 18.3 5.9* in male
Q.6 a 45.0 31.9* in male
Q.6 b 53.3 66.4* newly
Q.12 a 27.5 44.2* in female
Q.19 A a 12.5 26.9* in female
Q.19 A c 43.3 30.3* newly
Q.25 16 years old 9.2 24.4** in female
Refer to Table 2. for the meaning of items symbols

Table 4
Items disappeared significant difference between one's own house students and lodgers by unifying male and female (found only in the case of male)

Q.4 e Q.5 A c, B b, C a, b Q.7 b Q.10 c Q.24 C Q.31 C
Refer to Table 2. for the meaning of items symbols

Table 5
Significant difference between one's own house students and lodgers not recognized items

Q.1 Is it said that your character changes after alcohol drinking ?
Q.2 What kind of mental condition do you become after alcohol drinking ?
Q.3 On the occasion of drinking
Q.8 Favorite alcoholic beverage
Q.9 About the likes or dislikes for alcoholic drinking
Q.11 Do you know about the drugs get one to dislike drinking ?
Q.13 Do you turn pale after drinking ?
Q.14 What do you do if a doctor says that you should give up drinking ?
Q.15 Do you feel like drinking after taking a examination ?
Q.16 A mood in the case of drinking
Q.17 What do you do on the occasion of feeling like drinking when you have no money?
Q.18 Do you abuse of others or complain after drinking ?
Q.20 Main drinking place
Q.21 Would you like to increase your drinking quantity ?
Q.22 How much do you expense for drinking a month ?
Q.23 Your impression and comment to a person who can not drink
Q.26 Which mental condition do you want as an ideal ?
Q.27 Do you have a morning drink in this year ?
Q.28 Are you unpleasant to your friend's advice of temperance ?
Q.29 Have you lost consciousness during drinking ?
Q.30 Have you been not able to abstain from drinking against your will ?
Q.32 Appraisal for the drinking of your parents
The categories and their values were omitted for lack of space

DISCUSSION

Male

As you can see in Q.4 and Q.4' of Table 2. the drinking frequency of the one's own house students was larger than that of the lodgers. We have already reported that the college students dislike drinking alone (2.3%) and like to drink together with friends and others (78.4%; Teruo, 1990). Accordingly, this result suggests that one's own house students have more opportunities of drinking with their family than the lodgers and the opportunity of a party or a meeting which the lodgers often drink is not so often held and as a result the drinking opportunity of the lodgers is a little. As you can see in Q.5 of Table 2., the drinking quantity of the lodgers at a banquet was more than that of one's own house students but the quantity of one's own house students at evening drinking and others was more than that of the lodgers. This suggests that the lodgers often and much drink at a party or a meeting and one's own house students often drink with their family. One's own house students were much pleased with inviting to drinking by others than the lodgers (Q.6 in Table 2.). This is not clear if many one's own house students like to drink or atmosphere of drinking or the residence environment affects. The studies on the above mentioned result and residence environment need to be investigated more. One's own house students also more press to drink against other's will than the lodgers (Q.7 in Table 2.). This seems that one's own house students much like drinking or atmosphere of drinking. One's own house students did not more often drink insatiably than the lodgers (Q.10 in Table 2.). This suggests the effect of many restrain and superintendence by their family. The drinking of one's own house students was not more amicable to their family than that of the lodgers (Q.24 in Table 2.). This suggests the family of the lodgers do not know the drinking state of their sons or daughters due to far away each residence.

Female

The lodgers more eat after drinking than one's own house students (Q.12 in Table 2.). The drinking of the lodgers was much better for health than that of one's own house students. The lodgers care of their health more than one's own house students because of the lonely life. The lodgers invited more often by their family as the motive of drinking than one's own house students (Q.19 in Table 2.). This suggests that the lodgers begin to drink at more earlier stage (before matriculation) than one's own house students. This result also was coincident with the result of next Q.25 which indicates that the lodgers whose first drinking age is 16 years old was much about 7 times than one's own house students whose first drinking age is 16 years old . This result was coincident with the suggestion which the lodgers begun to drink before matriculation. The local female students seem to begin drinking than the female students of metropolitan area.

Unifying of Male and Female

By unifying male and female students, 9 items found significant difference between one's own house students and the lodgers disappeared and 2 items found significant difference between one's own house students and the lodgers newly appeared. These results suggest that the tendency to drinking of male and female were coincident in 2 items and was not coincident in 9 items.

CONCLUSION

In this study we found the following results.

In the case of male

  1. One's own house students have a lot of drinking frequency more than the lodgers.
  2. The lodgers have a lot of drinking quantity at a banquet and one's own house students have a lot of drinking quantity at evening drinking and the others.
  3. One's own house students feel glad to solicitation for drinking by others more than the lodgers
  4. One's own house students force others to drink more than the lodgers.
  5. The lodgers drink insatiably less than one's own house students.
  6. Thinking of their family for drinking toward to one's own house students was not goodwill more than the thinking toward the lodgers.
  7. Opinions to a gulf drinking were not significantly different between one's own house students and the lodgers.

In the case of female

  1. The lodgers eat much more after drinking than one's own house students.
  2. As regards to a start of drinking, one's own house students were solicited to drink by their family and the lodgers by their friends.
  3. As regards to the first drinking age, the numbers of 16 years old lodgers were seven times more than that of one's own house students.

In the case of unifying male and female and the reference were omitted for lack of space.

  1. The items recognized the significant difference between one's own house students and the lodgers were seven items. On this occasion, nine items recognized the significant difference in the case of male disappeared but three items in the case of female did not change.
  2. Two new items which did not recognized the significant difference in the individual sex investigation appeared.

REFERENCES

Teruo Fukuda, Etsuko Asaga, Yoichi Matsura, and Tomoji Kocha : Alcohol Drinking Patterns of a College Students. J. Alcohol & Drug Dependence 25(1), 93-102, 1990